{"id":10190,"date":"2024-08-02T09:42:26","date_gmt":"2024-08-02T09:42:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.efuels-forum.de\/borderstep-discussion-paper-lower-saxony-and-e-fuels\/"},"modified":"2025-01-21T11:55:56","modified_gmt":"2025-01-21T11:55:56","slug":"borderstep-discussion-paper-lower-saxony-and-e-fuels","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.efuels-forum.de\/en\/borderstep-discussion-paper-lower-saxony-and-e-fuels\/","title":{"rendered":"Borderstep discussion paper Lower Saxony and e-fuels"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"10190\" class=\"elementor elementor-10190 elementor-10030\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-94efb21 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-min-height elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-items-middle\" data-id=\"94efb21\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-bf0b807\" data-id=\"bf0b807\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-49c94b6 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"49c94b6\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-dd0dd16\" data-id=\"dd0dd16\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-627b1ff elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"627b1ff\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-xxl\"><b>Expert opinions on the discussion paper \"Lower Saxony and e-fuels\" by the Borderstep Institute<\/b><\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-8a29c42 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"8a29c42\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-06ad24b\" data-id=\"06ad24b\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-45f6391 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"45f6391\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Dr. Olaf Toedter from the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) and Dr. Ulrich Kramer, head of the FVV Fuel Studies III, IV and IVb1, shed light on key statements in the discussion paper and take stock.<\/strong><\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-132a44c elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"132a44c\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-74207eb\" data-id=\"74207eb\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cbd37f7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cbd37f7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul>\n<li><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><a href=\"#fazit\">First conclusion<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><a href=\"#ueberblick\">The 6 main points of criticism \/ errors at a glance<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><a href=\"#zentrale-aussagen\">Key statements in the comments<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><a href=\"#olaftoedter\">Statement Dr.-Ing Olaf Toedter (full version)<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><a href=\"#ulrichkramer\">Statement Dr. Ulrich Kramer (full version)<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-458f774 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"458f774\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" id=\"fazit\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4><span style=\"color: #3caa88;\">First conclusion<\/span><\/h4>\n<p><strong>  Dr.-Ing. Olaf Toedter:  <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&#8220;In summary, it can be said that the basic assumption of a local synthesis of electrolysis-hydrogen-based e-fuels using local electrical energy from renewable sources in Lower Saxony does not correspond to the technical status of common professional considerations on this topic. Thus, in our opinion, all of the following results cannot be used as a relevant basis for discussion for a transfer in Lower Saxony.&#8221; <\/p>\n<p><strong>Dr. Ulrich Kramer:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&#8220;The Borderstep Institute&#8217;s &#8220;DISCUSSION PAPER Lower Saxony and e-fuels &#8211; Supplementary version&#8221; claims and attempts to prove by means of a highly simplified calculation for the federal state of Lower Saxony that the provision of individual mobility by e-fuel vehicles with combustion engines is significantly more expensive than the large-scale switch to electromobility. It is claimed that Lower Saxony&#8217;s switch to 5 million electric vehicles, including infrastructure, would only incur investment costs of \u20ac34.7 billion, while a switch to e-fuels would cost \u20ac106.3 billion, i.e. three times as much. Due to the unscientific methodology of the study, these results are fundamentally wrong and misleading.&#8221;  <\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-67df0d4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"67df0d4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" id=\"ueberblick\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4><span style=\"color: #3caa88;\">The 6 main points of criticism \/ errors at a glance<\/span><\/h4>\n<ol>\n<li>Unrealistic assumption of inefficient e-fuel production in Germany with grid electricity  <\/li>\n<li>Neglecting the additional electricity grid expansion required for electric vehicles  <\/li>\n<li>Neglect of necessary electricity storage for dark doldrums  <\/li>\n<li>Neglecting the development of charging infrastructure for electric vehicles  <\/li>\n<li>Assumption of unrealistically low additional costs for electric vehicles  <\/li>\n<li>Assumption of non-comparable vehicle consumption<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-67de954 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"67de954\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" src=\"https:\/\/www.efuels-forum.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/efuels-studie2.jpg\" class=\"attachment-2048x2048 size-2048x2048 wp-image-10201\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.efuels-forum.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/efuels-studie2.jpg 1920w, https:\/\/www.efuels-forum.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/efuels-studie2-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.efuels-forum.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/efuels-studie2-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.efuels-forum.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/efuels-studie2-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.efuels-forum.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/efuels-studie2-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\"><\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b42f102 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b42f102\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" id=\"zentrale-aussagen\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4><span style=\"color: #3caa88;\">Key statements from the opinions of Dr. Ulrich Kramer and Dr.-Ing:<\/span><\/h4>\n<p><strong><br>Dr. Ulrich Kramer:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>&#8220;The switch to electromobility costs three times as much as the switch to e-fuels when fully and realistically considered in terms of costs.&#8221;<\/li>\n<li>&#8220;The consumer-relevant mobility costs (vehicle depreciation plus energy costs) for the driver of an electric vehicle are almost 20 % higher than the costs that the driver of a vehicle with a combustion engine and e-fuel has to pay.&#8221;<\/li>\n<li>&#8220;Only by switching to electromobility will it be impossible for us to drive greenhouse gas (GHG)-neutral cars in 2050.&#8221;<\/li>\n<li>Under optimal technology-open legal framework conditions and sustainability rules (&#8230;) we could already be driving climate-neutral (i.e. GHG-neutral) cars throughout Europe before 20402.\nSuch a scenario would require the use of large quantities of e-fuels.&#8221; <\/li>\n<li>&#8220;Without significant imports of &#8220;green molecules&#8221; (e-hydrogen, e-fuels), the energy transition is impossible. We therefore need to think carefully about where in the energy system imported energy is used in such a way that no conversion losses occur.&#8221; <\/li>\n<li>&#8220;Therefore, the achievable expansion rate of GHG-neutral mobility paths (and not the choice of drive technology) is of fundamental importance in order to achieve the climate targets.&#8221;<\/li>\n<li>&#8220;With an ideal technology mix, GHG-neutral European mobility can be achieved before 2040, while with a scenario that focuses exclusively on the one technology &#8220;battery electric vehicles&#8221;, GHG neutrality cannot be achieved by 2050 due to technical bottlenecks.&#8221;  <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Dr.-Ing. Olaf Toedter:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>&#8220;Sales of battery electric vehicles cannot be attributed to the elimination of a subsidy alone and must be differentiated.\nThe significant slump in the number of new registrations can be observed throughout the EU wherever subsidies for company cars or private cars are discontinued or saturation of sales to first-time buyers is reached.\nIn countries with lower incomes.&#8221;  <\/li>\n<li>&#8220;The stated consumptions of battery electric vehicles are so-called WLTC consumptions and thus exclude climatic influences (significantly lower capacities and additional heat requirement in winter, air conditioning in summer) as well as fast charging losses. In order to carry out a real comparison of consumption, all consumptions included in the system framework (auxiliary aggregates, air conditioning, heating, etc.) must be included.&#8221; <\/li>\n<li>&#8220;The cited early deaths from pollutant emissions are based on a mathematical view of the EEA that is not generally accepted in science. Scientific publications by doctors and toxicologists have refuted these results. The consideration of epidemiological studies based on data from the time of sulphur-containing fuels is not suitable for deriving such statements. Since even hot spot measuring points such as Stuttgart Neckator have fallen below the immission limits, such considerations have not been a topic of development. The consequences of health costs stated here are therefore obsolete.&#8221;    <\/li>\n<li>&#8220;In countries with large solar energy potential, for example, electricity costs of around 1ct\/kWh were reported, which differs by factors from local electricity costs. It is often assumed that the costs of demonstration plants are based on large-scale plants, which significantly inflates prices, as do the costs of electrolysers, which are not up to date.&#8221;  <\/li>\n<li>&#8220;The further development of Li batteries has not taken place as predicted in the 2022 and 2023 meta-studies. Research into alternatives to lithium-ion batteries is currently the focus of battery research, but will not influence the costs and the cost comparison considered in the discussion paper in the foreseeable future.&#8221; &nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-87f3061 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"87f3061\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" id=\"olaftoedter\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4><span style=\"color: #3caa88;\">Statement Dr.-Ing Olaf Toedter (full version)<\/span><\/h4>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-61fe90d elementor-align-left elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"61fe90d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/www.efuels-forum.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Stellungnahme-Dr-Ing-Olaf-Toedter.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-download\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M216 0h80c13.3 0 24 10.7 24 24v168h87.7c17.8 0 26.7 21.5 14.1 34.1L269.7 378.3c-7.5 7.5-19.8 7.5-27.3 0L90.1 226.1c-12.6-12.6-3.7-34.1 14.1-34.1H192V24c0-13.3 10.7-24 24-24zm296 376v112c0 13.3-10.7 24-24 24H24c-13.3 0-24-10.7-24-24V376c0-13.3 10.7-24 24-24h146.7l49 49c20.1 20.1 52.5 20.1 72.6 0l49-49H488c13.3 0 24 10.7 24 24zm-124 88c0-11-9-20-20-20s-20 9-20 20 9 20 20 20 20-9 20-20zm64 0c0-11-9-20-20-20s-20 9-20 20 9 20 20 20 20-9 20-20z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">download now<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6e0838c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6e0838c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" id=\"ulrichkramer\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4><span style=\"color: #3caa88;\">Statement Dr. Ulrich Kramer (full version)<\/span><\/h4>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a978767 elementor-align-left elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"a978767\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div 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